Sense Of Displacement Research Articles

Food as a Healing Space for a Diasporic Identity in Grace M. Cho’s Tastes Like War: A Memoir

This paper aims to explore a connection between diasporic identity and culinary choice revolving around the life of the principal character Koonja in Grace M. Cho’s Tastes Like War: A Memoir (2021). It investigates how Koonja performs her culinary choices as a tool to heal and nurture her abjected diasporic identity. To do so, drawing upon the theoretical insights from diaspora and culinary identity, the paper employs the method of qualitative content analysis while analyzing and interpreting the memoir. The paper tracks Koonja’s sense of being displaced and dislocated for various reasons: Japanese and American violence in South Korea, the trauma of losing her family members, rejection and stigma in South Korea as a Yankee whore, giving birth to a son whose father was a mystery, marrying an American man in South Korea and immigrating to the United States (US) and discriminations in the US, and all these turmoils finally causing schizophrenia. The analysis and interpretation of the memoir reveal a finding: amidst Koonja’s sense of diasporic displacement and worthlessness, culinary kinship functions as a means of assimilation, and her culinary choices, which have been saturated by nostalgia for and memory of Korean food, reunite her with an emotional and a gustatory home. The finding implies a therapeutic connection between diaspora and culinary choices revealing food as a healing space in the life of Koonja. Hence, the paper not only offers a fresh perspective to look at the memoir but also creates avenues for critical dialogues in the discourse of diaspora and culinary identity.

Autonomous Systems and Technology Resistance: New Tools for Monitoring Acceptance, Trust, and Tolerance

AbstractWe introduce the notion of Tolerance for autonomous artificial agents (and its antithetical concept, Intolerance), motivating its theoretical adoption in the fields of social robotics and human—agent interaction, where it can effectively complement two contiguous, but essentially distinct, constructs—Acceptance and Trust—that are broadly used by researchers. We offer a comprehensive conceptual model of Tolerance, construed as a user’s insusceptibility or resilience to Autonomy Estrangement (i.e., the uncanny sense of isolation and displacement experienced by the humans who believe, for right or wrong reasons, that robots can subvert and/or control their lives). We also refer to Intolerance to indicate the opposite property, that is the user’s susceptibility or proneness to Autonomy Estrangement. Thus, Tolerance and Intolerance are inverse representations of the same phenomenological continuum, with Intolerance increasing when Tolerance decreases and vice versa. While Acceptance and Trust measure how the user’s interaction with a particular robot is satisfying and efficacious, the dyad Tolerance/Intolerance reflects how the user’s attitude is affected by deeply held normative beliefs about robots in general. So defined, a low Tolerance (that is a high Intolerance) is expected to correlate to antagonistic responses toward the prospect of adoption: specifically, Intolerant attitudes predict the kind of anxious and hostile behaviours toward Agents that originate from the concerns that autonomous systems could deeply disrupt the lives of humans (affecting their work cultures, ways of living, systems of values, etc.) or dominate them (making humans redundant, undermining their authority, threatening their uniqueness, etc.). Thus, Negative beliefs and worldviews about Agents are the cause of the Intolerant attitude toward Agents, which predicts Autonomy Estrangement, which in turn correlates to low Adoption Propensity and avoidance and rejection behaviours.

Mystical and Archetypal Journeys in Leila Aboulela’s Bird Summons

This article aims at exploring the significance of intertwining the mystical and the archetypal journey structures in Leila Aboulela’s novel, Bird Summons (2019). It highlights the author’s indebtedness to Islamic Sufi tradition and shows how she appropriates Farid ud-din Attar’s mystical pilgrimage of the seven valleys to a postmodern context where three Arab-British female characters attain spiritual transcendence. On the other hand, the article employs Joseph Campbell’s structure of the archetypal journey narratives to explicate the relationship between the narrative structure and the author’s chief thematic concerns. Campbell’s seventeen stages of the “Monomyth,” or the “hero’s journey,” illuminate Aboulela’s proficient projection of the characters’ spiritual quest in their physical movement from the city into the forest. England performs a cultural contact zone which entices the protagonists to overcome their identity crises caused by traumatic experiences, acute sense of displacement, and nostalgia. The success of their physical journey to Lady Evelyn Cobbold’s grave functions as an allegory for the redemptive impact of spirituality which ultimately empowers them to become more functional individuals and to integrate into English society. The study concludes that Aboulela’s deliberate fusion of Islamic journey structure with a Western one attests to the author’s belief in the universality of Islam and the possibility of religious tolerance and intercultural coexistence.

THE SENSE OF ALIENATION IN THE NEW LAND: A PALE VIEW OF THE HILLS

One of the key postcolonial themes in the novel is the struggle for identity. Etsuko, the main character, is a Japanese woman who has been living in England for many years. She is caught between two cultures and struggles to reconcile her Japanese heritage with her British identity. Her daughter Niki, on the other hand, is a second-generation immigrant who grew up in England and feels disconnected from her Japanese heritage. Through their stories, Ishiguro explores the complexities of identity and the challenges faced by individuals belonging to multiple cultures. Through their stories, Ishiguro explores the complexities of identity and the challenges faced by individuals belonging to multiple cultures. The novel A Pale View of the Hills by Kazuo Ishiguro explores themes of hybridity and Otherness through the lens of the main character, Etsuko. Hybridity refers to the mixing of different cultures and identities, while otherness refers to the experience of being perceived as different or foreign. Kazuo Ishiguro’s work can indeed be seen as representative of a cosmopolitan writer who navigates global themes and perspectives. As a writer who was born in Japan, raised in England, and has lived in various countries, Ishiguro’s experiences and background greatly inform his writing. One way in which Ishiguro embodies cosmopolitanism is through his exploration of universal themes that transcend national and cultural boundaries. His novels often delve into themes such as memory, identity, and the human condition, which resonate with readers from different cultural backgrounds. For example, in his acclaimed novel “A Pale View of the Hills,” Ishiguro raises ethical questions about cloning and the consequences of scientific advancements, which are relevant to a global audience. Furthermore, Ishiguro’s characters often embody a sense of displacement or cultural hybridity, reflecting his own experiences as a global citizen.

Borderless Worlds: Cosmopolitanism and Hybrid/Transnational Identity in Aamer Hussein's The Cloud Messenger

The article's objective is to elucidate the concept of hybrid/transnational identity within a cosmopolitan backdrop, depicted in Aamer Hussein's novel, The Cloud Messenger. The study underscores the pivotal role of literature and art in shaping individuals' lives and minds. It scrutinizes the characters' endeavors to navigate cultural boundaries, engage with diverse perspectives, and construct their own sense of belonging. This research explores the intricacies of these individuals' struggles, negotiations, and transformations as they grapple with their memories and aspirations. By drawing upon Appiah’s theory of ‘rooted cosmopolitanism’ in the realm of Pakistani English literature, this qualitative and descriptive study offers a nuanced examination of the rootedness of first and second-generation diaspora streams within their native culture. It promotes ‘respect’ and ‘acceptance’ among ‘citizens of the world’. The study highlights the importance of literature and art in transforming individual’s life and mind. It illuminates the characters' encounters with poetry, love, and work, all of which significantly shape their adult lives. Despite their extensive travels to various countries, they grapple with a persistent sense of displacement and the quest for a genuine sense of belonging.

A Sense of Displacement: Stuart Hall’s Art of Living

This essay reflects on the sources of Stuart Hall’s sensibility, in particular the sense of displacement that pervaded much of his work.

One-Step Out-of-Place Resetting for Redirected Walking in VR.

Redirected walking (RDW) allows users to explore virtual environments in limited physical spaces by imperceptibly steering them away from obstacles and space boundaries. However, even with those techniques, the risk of collision cannot always be avoided. For such situations, resetting techniques have been proposed to provide an immediate adjustment of the physical walking direction of a user. Existing resetting techniques are either applied in-place, where the user changes orientation but stays in the same position or out-of-place methods where the user is guided to move from the current position to a safe location all while freezing the movement in the virtual world. While out-of-place methods have the potential to provide more freedom to user movements after resetting, current out-of-place methods do not provide enough guidance for the users to move to optimal locations. In this work, we propose a novel out-of-place resetting strategy that guides users to optimal physical locations with the most potential for free movement and a smaller amount of resetting required for their further movements. For this purpose, we calculate a heat map of the walking area according to the average walking distance using a simulation of the currently used RDW algorithm. Based on this heat map, we identify the most suitable position for a one-step reset within a predefined searching range and use this one as the reset point. Our results show that our method increases the average moving distance within one cycle of resetting. Furthermore, our resetting method can be applied to any physical area with obstacles. That means that RDW methods that were not suitable for such environments (e.g., Steer to Center) combined with our resetting can also be extended to such complex walking areas. In addition, we present a user interface to provide a similar visual experience between these methods, using a two-arrows indicator to help users adjust their position and direction.

“Aging in Displacement: Urban Revitalization and Puerto Rican Elderhood in Chicago”

Displacement has marked the individual and collective lives of Puerto Ricans in Chicago, especially those who migrated in the 1950s and 1960s. For these older persons, the arrival of the gentry and the yuppies of yesterday, the hipsters of today, and the disappearance of familiar faces in their current neighborhoods are not new phenomena, but rather parts of a profoundly familiar process. They came of age in displacement. Today some Puerto Rican older adults have achieved housing security and are able to age in place because they live in low-income senior housing. Yet a sense of displacement still looms large in their daily lives with the upscaling of and new-build gentrification in their current neighborhood. This work sheds light on the meaning of place for older adult Puerto Ricans who have experienced what psychiatrist and urban studies scholar Mindy T. Fullilove calls a history of “serial displacement.” Through life history narratives and ethnographic snapshots, this paper highlights the neglected reality of “aging in displacement,” or the experience of growing up and growing older in a context of repeated socio-spatial dislocation and how individual and collective life histories of community upheaval texture the spatial and social meanings of place.

Exploring the Exile Poetry of Mahmud Darwish: A voice of angst, anger, and alienation

Mahmoud Darwish is one of the most prominent Palestinian poets of the 20th century, known for his powerful and poignant poetry that captures the angst, anger, and alienation of the Palestinian people during the Nakba (the Palestinian exodus). His poetry is marked by a deep sense of loss and exile, as well as a fierce resistance and determination to survive and thrive in the face of adversity. His poetry continues to resonate with readers around the world as an authentic voice of Palestinian identity and resistance. Exile poetry can be a form of protest against injustice and oppression, and is often characterized by themes of nostalgia, longing, and a sense of displacement. Mahmud Darwish's exile poetry is a prime example of this genre, reflecting the experiences of the Palestinian people due to the ongoing conflict in the region. Mahmud Darwish's poetry is known for its evocative themes of exile, displacement, and alienation. He explores the concept of home, the longing for a sense of belonging, and the idea of identity. He also writes about the impact of exile on the Palestinian community, how it has affected their cultural and social identity, and the struggle to maintain a sense of self in a foreign land. Despite the pain and suffering caused by exile, Darwish encourages his readers to never give up hope and to continue fighting for justice and freedom. The paper attempts to explore the theme of exile in the porty of Mahmud Darwish.
  

Displacement and Inner Conflict in Abdulrazak Gurnah’s Memory of Departure and by the Sea

Abdulrazak Gurnah (1948- ), a Tanzanian-born British penman and emeritus professor, is one of the harbingers of tr1acing the fates of the refugees. He enormously depicts the conventional scenario of the refugees and the asylum-seekers in his novels Memory of Departure and By the Sea. Gurnah pens the feelings of displacement and inner conflict in the psyche of the individuals who try to cross the edge of an ajar door toward liberty. It is evident that Gurnah’s characters aspire for decolonization but cannot transgress the boundaries of colonial temperament due to the predicaments of displacement and inner conflict. The characters are traumatized in such a way that they consider themselves refugees and asylum-seekers in an independent country. Thus, this paper argues that due to the irresolute mind, Gurnah’s characters struggle to resolve the matter of acceptance or the rejection of colonial attitudes, which creates a sense of displacement and, ultimately, leads the characters towards oscillation and inner conflict.

‘Finding housing was an illness’: refugees’ sense of continued displacement in Belgium

Housing is a key empirical entry point into the lifeworlds of refugees in host societies. To date, scholarly work has mainly focused on the first phase of arrival, that of asylum accommodation. Here I extend the scope of post-arrival housing research by looking into the housing trajectories of refugees after they have received protection status. This contribution reveals their lived experiences on the regular housing market, which exposes them to contingency, inaccessibility and exclusion. Based on interviews with 20 households who received refugee status in Belgium after 2015, the article puts the urban studies notion of displacement into dialogue with the notion of precariousness in housing studies, arguing that refugees develop a sense of continued displacement. The analysis captures how post-arrival housing trajectories make refugees relive the exclusionary nature of forced displacement, as they not only struggle to secure housing but are also unable to once more find home and fixity. The article highlights the importance of considering refugees’ housing experiences as vehicles to further understand already existing housing difficulties in host societies.

Sensory modality as a linguistic sign of the ‘divided self’ in John Banville’s novels

As one of the master stylists of our time, John Banville has honed his own unique style of writing. The typical Banville novel is a first-person confessional narrative of an aging male character troubled by his painful memories of failure and loss. In a struggle to cope with their traumatic life experiences, Banville’s protagonists attempt to find answers to haunting existential questions and rediscover their identities in the face of emotional fragmentation. This sense of dislocation and displacement thus emerges as a major theme of Banville’s fiction and his works generally revolve around the internal conflicts of a ‘divided self’. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the language of the novels reflects the inner split of the characters and what linguistic mechanisms Banville exploits to create the ‘divided self’ effect. This article examines a particular linguistic structure used as a pervasive narrative feature: sensory modality. I will more specifically explore sensory modality patterns with co-referential subject and object pronouns (referred here as ‘special effects’) analyzing them in the light of Systemic Functional Grammar as mental transitivity processes and will demonstrate how they constitute a powerful stylistic tool for constructing the image of the divided personality and for conveying self-disunity in retrospective novels.

How Central Sulawesi Province's Natural Disasters Affect Economic Growth?

Historically, Indonesia is an area prone to natural disasters. Potential losses caused by natural disasters can be death, injury, illness, threatened life, sense of security, displacement, damage or loss of objects, and disruption of daily activities. The impact of natural disasters will indirectly affect output, income, demand for labor, and economic growth. This study aims to calculate the impact of natural disasters in Central Sulawesi Province (which occurred in 2018) on the regional and national economies. The method used is the Interregional Input-Output model measuring 17 sectors and 34 provinces. The findings show that Central Sulawesi Province's Gross Regional Domestic Product is IDR.114.01 trillion, decreased-12.93 percent to IDR.99.27 trillion due to natural disasters. Labor demand decreased by -9.68 percent, and income decreased by -9.58 percent. Natural disasters in Central Sulawesi Province also impacted the decline in National GDP by -0.16 percent. Disaster mitigation programs are essential for anticipating direct and indirect losses caused by natural disasters. Consequently, the government must consider the impact of inflation and economic growth when implementing disaster mitigation programs on the public agenda.

Sense of displacement

Olde Throne is a solo black metal project created by Harrison McKenzie, a young musician from Christchurch. The main theme of his music production is Scottish and Irish history and mythology, more generally themes related to Celtic culture. After spending time in 2019 in Scotland, Harrison McKenzie became increasingly interested in the history and mythology of this land far from his native home. He felt a strong emotional connection to the past of Scottish people, in fact his surname is influenced by this ancestry. His passion for Norwegian black metal, developed in his teenage years, was linked to the search for his past, giving rise to Olde Throne’s musical proposal. This ‘Riffs’ article, developed from a textual and musical analysis and corroborated by an interview with the musician of Olde Throne, attempts to highlight how nostalgia for a past, more imagined than lived, conceals a sense of displacement that finds its way out through the aggressive and extremely emotive sounds of black metal, a musical category little practised in Christchurch. Europe, as the cradle of Scottish and Irish cultures and as an ideal place to play and experience black metal, takes shape imaginatively in the sonic and lyrical coordinates of Olde Throne’s music.

Cultural Entanglement, Displacement and Contemporary Durban in Imraan Coovadia’s High Low In-between

This article focuses on Imraan Coovadia’s High Low In-between and investigates how the novel’s join protagonists, Nafisa and Shakeer, navigate their contemporary Durban. The mother and son, I point out, present two disparate subjectivities that engage with both the urban milieu of the city and a globalised world in very different ways. Both experience a sense of displacement in the city, but, as thew novel progresses, they manage to embrace Durban’s contemporary cultural entanglements and feel more at home. Nafisa, a doctor in the inner city, learns to engage with the city through walking its streets while Shakeer, a globe-trotting photographer, discovers his ability to notice Durban’s local specificity and entanglement of places, people, and cultures.

TRAUMA OF DISPLACEMENT IN RITA CHOWDHURY'S CHINATOWN DAYS

Human history is a history of migration. The history of human migration dates back to the beginning of civilization. This movement is ancient; what is interesting is its different theorizations and different deconstructions of it. Migration is an important part of the history of many countries. People have migrated to various countries under different and compelling circumstances. Imperialism and colonial rule are the most common causes of migration in the modern period. Migration as a movement is both voluntary and involuntary. Postcolonial phenomena of migration mostly involved forced or involuntary migration. Reasons for this ranged from war and famine to social, political, and religious conflicts. Voluntary migration involved the search for better livelihood and economic pursuits. Whether voluntary or involuntary, migration often leads to displacement in the host country. Displacement further led to experiences of trauma, nostalgia, anguish, and alienation. Thus, the sense of alienation and displacement became a prevalent existential experience of migrants, particularly in a postcolonial world. This paper will engage with one such experience of trauma and displacement of the Indian Chinese or Assamese Chinese. They faced expulsion and forced displacement during the 1962 Indo-China war. They were attacked, vilified, and targeted due to their ethnicity though many of them had lived in Makum, Assam, for generations. The paper will engage with trauma theories to understand the effects of trauma on the psychology of the Indian Chinese as individuals and study the cultural trauma of the entire community.

Insider and Outsider, Community and Conflict: Elizabeth Cecil Wilson’s transnational experiences as a Progressive American woman educator

This essay takes a feminist educational biographical approach to the transnational life and work of the American educator Elizabeth Cecil Wilson (1913-1994). Central to this interpretation is the way in which Wilson’s life exemplifies the concept of “internal exile” as a result of her transnational movements in China, Korea, and the United States. Wilson’s early experiences with internationalism, all-women’s education and American progressive education shaped her interpretation of her later work in educational administration, leading her to develop a unique perspective about being both an “insider” and an “outsider” in her world. Raised in a variety of close and strongly identified communities, in her later professional life she experienced a sense of isolation and displacement in the structured hierarchical environments of international organizations and American state school systems. Late in life, she articulated this challenge in feminism when she argued for women’s inclusion in formal educational leadership.

Absolute excited state molecular geometries revealed by resonance Raman signals

Ultrafast reactions activated by light absorption are governed by multidimensional excited-state (ES) potential energy surfaces (PESs), which describe how the molecular potential varies with the nuclear coordinates. ES PESs ad-hoc displaced with respect to the ground state can drive subtle structural rearrangements, accompanying molecular biological activity and regulating physical/chemical properties. Such displacements are encoded in the Franck-Condon overlap integrals, which in turn determine the resonant Raman response. Conventional spectroscopic approaches only access their absolute value, and hence cannot determine the sense of ES displacements. Here, we introduce a two-color broadband impulsive Raman experimental scheme, to directly measure complex Raman excitation profiles along desired normal modes. The key to achieve this task is in the signal linear dependence on the Frank-Condon overlaps, brought about by non-degenerate resonant probe and off-resonant pump pulses, which ultimately enables time-domain sensitivity to the phase of the stimulated vibrational coherences. Our results provide the tool to determine the magnitude and the sensed direction of ES displacements, unambiguously relating them to the ground state eigenvectors reference frame.

Transculinary Practices of Transmigrants in Aleksandar Hemon’s “Blind Jozef Pronek and Dead Souls”, “Family Dining” and My Parents: An Introduction/This Does Not Belong to You

In the present transnational world populated with transmigrants, food and foodways have assumed a new, hybrid role. In the process of transformation of transmigrant cultural identity of which food and foodways are a central element, the production and consumption of food that is often the result of Svetlana Boym’s reflective nostalgia, may act as a bridge between the homeland and the host land as a material means for maintaining ties with the home country. However, while transmigrant food can assume an inclusive function in their exilic lives, it might also deepen migrants’ sense of displacement and trauma and other them further. The article explores how transmigrants in Hemon’s “Blind Jozef Pronek and Dead Souls”, “Family Dining” and My Parents: An Introduction/This Does Not Belong to You experience food and foodways and what role culinary practices assume in the process of constructing their new, fluid and flexible hybrid identities in Homi Bhabha’s liminal Third Space.

Sensemaking in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic: A narrative exploration of polarised morality in an NHS Trust.

This article presents an analysis of personal diaries kept by health-care staff within a specialist NHS Trust in England during the initial 3 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. It adopts a moral sensemaking perspective to explore how NHS employees mobilised and reframed ideas of right and wrong in order to make sense of unprecedented uncertainty and displacement. By focussing on how the macro and micro politics of the pandemic were played out in the organisation, the study finds that polarised moral judgements were invoked in order to justify and rationalise a broad array of associated emergent emotions, intuitions, behaviours and practices. This polarisation of moral responses could be seen as a desire to bring order out of chaos and put matters back into place following displacement. This is inevitably an ongoing, complex and variegated enterprise whose results can be as often discomforting as they can be reassuring. Indeed, while moral sensemaking was partly beneficial for staff in that it promoted a greater sense of camaraderie and support for others, it also appeared to have darker consequences in terms of staff wellbeing and the development of more impermeable social boundaries across the organisation through processes of moral 'othering'.